![]() ![]() ![]() Decreased percent total reabsorption of phosphate (%TRP) found in 94.1% of patients, and increased fractional excretion of uric acid (FEUA) were found in 100% of patients. Urinalysis revealed glucosuria (96.1%), proteinuria (100.0%), generalized hyperaminoaciduria (100.0 %), β2 macroglobulin (100.0%). Blood tests revealed hypokalemia (69.2%), hypophosphatemia (98.0%), and hypouricemia (93.3%). Pathological fractures (25.9%), unexplained fever (11.1%), muscle weakness (9.3%), and edema (9.3%) were the most common symptoms, while 18 patients were diagnosed in incidental laboratory tests. The median duration of VPA treatment was 4 years (range 0.7–15.5). The patients had a median age of 7 years (range 2–34 years), had severely disabled (87.0%), tube feeding (64.8%), and received an average of 1.8 medications other than VPA. A total of 29 articles including 54 patients (28 males and 24 females) were included.
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